Straight Pass Through is a term applying only to a Merchant Account with Gross Billing whose surcharges are passed through at cost, i.e.: no markup.

Each Card Association (Visa, MC, Discover or Amex) has many different individual designations of their cards, respectively.
   For example, there are 38 varieties of Visas, 44 varieties of MasterCard, and so forth.

When you accept a credit card from a customer, you have NO idea which type of Visa or MasterCard it is. They all have 16 digits, 4 digit expiration, and 3 digit CVV code.

Card Associations surcharge for:

1. rewards cards
   

2. travel/entertainment cards
   

3. international/foreign cards
   

4. preferred cards (no credit limit)
   

5. commercial cards
   

6. business cards
   

7. corporate cards
   

8. commercial electronic
   

9. purchasing cards
   

10. and many more!
    

It All Comes Down to Risk (supposedly)

On each of their cards, the Card Associations assess the risk of disputes, chargebacks and incidence of fraud of their individual card types.

They charge MORE when they assess higher risk. For example, oftentimes business cards get abused, stolen and employers commonly dispute transactions. So as you might expect, business cards often have the highest surcharges.

Debit Cards Are Best

Because Debit cards have a decreased risk of fraud, Issuing Banks give a rebate of about 0.5% on all debit cards. Not only do many Processors keep this rebate without passing it on to Merchants, some actually charge MORE for it!

Interchange

The list of these Surcharges on all their card types is called Interchange.

Double Dipping

Sadly, a lot of Processors pad the surcharges for additional profit. They’re not content making a profit solely on the Discount Rate (base rate usually on the front page of Statement). So they double dip by jacking up the rates on surcharged cards

Tiered Billing

Sometimes surcharged cards are referred to as MidQual or NonQual charges because they do not qualify at the base rate.

There are other surcharges incurred as well under certain circumstances:

1. key entered where card not present (CNP)
   

2. transaction did not settle (batch) within 24-96 hours
   

3. address verification failure
   

4. sales tax code ignored
   

5. verification prompts ignored
   

If you are on Tiered billing, see Tricks of the Trade:  Tier Billing